Parts that can be made using cutting processing

What shape can a product be made using cutting processing? Here, first of all, to give you an impression, we will introduce some representative examples of parts.
1-2 axis processed products
The shape formed by opening or cutting in one direction is the easiest to make. Machining only in one axis (such as hole machining) and planar machining with the same height and grooves are also relatively simple processes.
As shown in the following example, only the bottom plate with screw holes or drilled holes on the flat plate, locally cut or chamfered blocks, etc. are typical examples. In addition to holes and cuts, contours and grooves (depressions) can also be machined.
In mechanical processing, parts that can be made by cutting can be processed on 1-2 axes
■ Multi faceted processed products
This is a processed product that applies 1-2 axes from multiple directions instead of just one direction. As shown in the bracket on the left, in addition to machining the contour shape, hole processing, groove processing, and notch processing from one direction, hole processing is also performed from the horizontal direction.
The casing shown in the right figure is grooved horizontally and drilled in the other direction. This type of processing involves flipping the material over to change its orientation and processing its shape in various directions. After processing from one direction, flipping and re fixing the material is also known as "workpiece replacement".
In mechanical processing, parts that can be made by cutting can be processed on multiple surfaces
■ 3-axis machining
The method of cutting smooth surfaces (such as free surfaces) even from one direction is called 3-axis simultaneous machining. Move the round end cutter named spherical end milling cutter along the surface for precision machining.
As shown in the left figure, not only can parts with free surfaces be machined, but also surfaces obtained by scanning humans and animals can be machined as shown in the right figure. Due to the need to simultaneously move the spindle along the surface in three dimensions, a specialized application called CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) that supports three-dimensional machining is used to create an NC program. This processing method is also commonly used for cutting molds for injection molded parts, etc.
In mechanical processing, parts that can be made by cutting can be processed in a 3-axis manner
■ Multi axis processed products
It can also process non block shaped parts with complex shapes overall. By repositioning the material in various directions or using the latest 5-axis machine tool, it is possible to create multifaceted and complex shapes.
This processing method is often used for aircraft parts, etc.
The following diagram shows the shape of a typical aircraft component (schematic diagram).
Multi axis machining is a combination of free form surface and hole machining, characterized by multiple complex and thin-walled structures, such as erecting bosses or overall weight reduction.
In mechanical processing, parts that can be produced through cutting and multi axis machining products
Simultaneous processing of multiple axes
Even the latest five axis and composite machine tools have shapes that can only be processed simultaneously. Simultaneous processing is synchronized with the movement of the tool, rotating the material while processing.
The typical shape is called the rotor blade (4-axis simultaneous) as shown in the left figure and the shape like the impeller in the right figure (5-axis simultaneous). For complex shape machining like this, which cannot be processed from a certain material direction alone, cutting machining can also leverage its advantages.